Why is it important to prune grapevines during dormancy?

Pruning grapevines during dormancy is crucial because it minimizes stress on the vine. During this dormant period, grapevines have reduced metabolic activity, making it an optimal time to prune without placing additional strain on the plant. Pruning during active growth or before the vine has entered dormancy can cause unnecessary injury and stress, potentially leading to reduced vigor and fruit production. By pruning when the vine is dormant, you allow it to allocate energy more efficiently towards recovery and growth in the upcoming growing season. This practice also encourages the development of strong new shoots and opens up the canopy for better sunlight penetration, ultimately enhancing the overall health and productivity of the grapevine.