What is the main difference between cane pruning and spur pruning?

The distinction between cane pruning and spur pruning primarily revolves around the way in which the grapevines are trimmed back to promote healthy growth and fruit production. Cane pruning involves selecting one or two long canes from the previous season's growth and cutting them back to a specific length, often leaving several buds intact. This technique allows for better air circulation, sunlight exposure, and encourages the development of strong shoots that will produce grapes.

In contrast, spur pruning focuses on shortening the previous year's growth by cutting it back to smaller stubs or spurs. Each spur typically retains one or two buds, which will grow into new shoots. This method can lead to a more controlled and consistent growth pattern, particularly in vineyards where maintaining uniformity is essential.

The other options do not accurately reflect the fundamental techniques or timing of these pruning methods. Understanding the key characteristics of these pruning methods is vital for managing vine health and maximizing fruit yield in a vineyard setting.